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Open Educational Resources (OER): Open Educational Resources

What are OER?

Open Educational Resources (OER) are freely available educational materials that, through open licenses or public domain status, allow others to use, share, adapt, and expand upon.

They are commonly associated with their ability to apply the five R activities:

  • retain
  • reuse
  • revise
  • remix
  • redistribute

5Rs - Reuse: Content can be reused in its unaltered form; Retain: Users have the right to make, archive, and "own" copies of the content; Revise: Content can be adapted, adjusted, modified, or altered; Remix: The original or revised content can be combined with other content to create something new; Redistribute: Copies of the content can be shared with others in its original, revised, or remixed formImage by BCOER Librarians is licensed under CC 4.0

OER are often compiled into a format resembling textbooks, but can include many other formats such as presentation slides, quizzes, and videos.

OER are flexible for faculty to use and share with their students, as well as adapt them for specific curricular needs. Students save money with the use of OER, since OER can replace expensive commercial textbooks and short-term access to for-cost resources, and can perform better in classes that use OER. As OER use and production grows, these resources will also provide more opportunities for learners worldwide to access educational content more equitably.

OER and Open Access -- What's the Difference?

This content is a derivative of the September 2020 Creative Commons Certificate Course by Creative Commons, licensed by CC BY 4.0, adapted content from the Creative Commons Certificate Course Unit 5 on using Creative Commons licensing for librarians

Find Open Educational Resources

There are many OER repositories that curate collections:

  • BC Open Textbooks - BCcampus (British Columbia)
    • must meet BCcampus OER Accessibility Criteria
    • also includes full open-licensed courses developed by B.C. educators
  • Maryland Open Source Textbooks (M.O.S.T.) Commons
    • collection of OER
    • features Hubs and Groups to connect with colleagues
  • Mason OER Metafinder (MOM) 
    • Searches multiple OER repositories at one time, including other 'open' materials like HathiTrust, InternetArchive, etc.
  • MERLOT (Multimedia Educational Resource for Learning and Online Teaching) from CSU Long Beach
    • textbooks, learning objects, case studies, assignments, quizzes, syllabi, etc.
    • resource peer reviews and ratings
  • MIT Open Courseware Textbooks
    • free and open collections from MIT courses
    • includes teaching materials
  • OAPEN (Open Access Publishing in European Networks)
  • OASIS (Openly Available Sources Integrated Search) from CUNY Geneseo's Milne Library
    • searches 115 sources, including Directory of Open Access Books, Humanities Digital Library, and JSTOR Open Access Books
  • OER Commons from ISKME (Institute for the Study of Knowledge Management in Education)
    • includes lectures, lessons, assignments, primary sources, data sets, etc.
    • includes Hubs to connect educators
  • Open Culture Textbooks
    • list of 200 textbooks
    • also lists of free online courses and free eBooks
  • OpenStax part of Rice University
    • peer-reviewed textbooks with print copies available for order
    • includes instructor resources
  • Open Textbook Library from the Open Education Network based in the Center for Open Education in the University of Minnesota's College of Education and Human Development
    • includes reviews
  • SUNY Open Textbooks
    • authored and peer-reviewed by SUNY faculty and staff

Find free or openly licensed works

You can use openly licensed and public domain works in creating your own OERs. Be sure to check CUNY's Accessibility Toolkit for Open Educational Resources for a guide on how to best create new accessible projects.

  • Europeana
    • works from European cultural institutions
    • on the results page look for "Rights Statement" to find public domain and openly licensed works
  • Flickr Creative Commons
    • CC-licensed and public domain images
    • can sort by license type
  • Free Music Archive
    • CC-licensed music
  • Google Images Filtered Search
    • Google allows you to filter image results to those designated as CC-licensed
    • Go to "Tools" then "Usage Rights" on the results page
  • Musopen
    • includes royalty and copyright free music, free sheet music, and musical education resources
  • Openverse
    • formerly CC Search
    • searches images and audio CC-licensed or in the public domain
  • Pixabay
    • Free to use under Pixabay license terms
    • includes photos, illustrations, GIFs, videos, music, and sound effects
  • Wikimedia Commons
    • includes images, sounds, and video

We cannot guarantee all works on the above sites are in the public domain or openly licensed. Be sure to check the work's specific terms of use.